zabbix有一个API接口，可以调用这些几口来自动添加主机，查询zabbix中监控的主机，监控的模板、监控的主机组等信息，使用也非常的方便。以下是用python调用zabbix的API接口来实现上述功能：
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import jsonimport urllib2import sysclass zabbixtools: def __init__(self): self.url = "http://192.168.100.200/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php" self.header = {"Content-Type": "application/json"} self.authID = self.user_login() def user_login(self): data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "Admin", "password": "zabbix" }, "id": 0 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key,self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Auth Failed, Please Check Your Name And Password:",e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() authID = response['result'] return authID def get_data(self,data,hostip=""): request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key,self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code return 0 else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() return response def host_get(self,hostip): #hostip = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % 'Enter Your Check Host:Host_ip :') data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.get", "params": { "output":["hostid","name","status","host"], "filter": {"host": [hostip]} }, "auth": self.authID, "id": 1 }) res = self.get_data(data)['result'] if (res != 0) and (len(res) != 0): #for host in res: host = res[0] if host['status'] == '1': print "\t","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_IP:","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % host['host'].ljust(15),'\t',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_Name:","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % host['name'].encode('GBK'),'\t',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % u'未在监控状态'.encode('GBK') return host['hostid'] elif host['status'] == '0': print "\t","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_IP:","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % host['host'].ljust(15),'\t',"\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_Name:","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % host['name'].encode('GBK'),'\t',"\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % u'在监控状态'.encode('GBK') return host['hostid'] print else: print '\t',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Get Host Error or cannot find this host,please check !" return 0 def host_del(self): hostip = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % 'Enter Your Check Host:Host_ip :') hostid = self.host_get(hostip) if hostid == 0: print '\t',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "This host cannot find in zabbix,please check it !" sys.exit() data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.delete", "params": [{"hostid": hostid}], "auth": self.authID, "id": 1 }) res = self.get_data(data)['result'] if 'hostids' in res.keys(): print "\t","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Delet Host:%s success !" % hostip else: print "\t","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Delet Host:%s failure !" % hostip def hostgroup_get(self): data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.get", "params": { "output": "extend", }, "auth": self.authID, "id": 1, }) res = self.get_data(data) if 'result' in res.keys(): res = res['result'] if (res !=0) or (len(res) != 0): print "\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Number Of Group: ", "\033[1;31;40m%d\033[0m" % len(res) for host in res: print "\t","HostGroup_id:",host['groupid'],"\t","HostGroup_Name:",host['name'].encode('GBK') print else: print "Get HostGroup Error,please check !" def template_get(self): data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": { "output": "extend", }, "auth": self.authID, "id": 1, }) res = self.get_data(data)#['result'] if 'result' in res.keys(): res = res['result'] if (res !=0) or (len(res) != 0): print "\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Number Of Template: ", "\033[1;31;40m%d\033[0m" % len(res) for host in res: print "\t","Template_id:",host['templateid'],"\t","Template_Name:",host['name'].encode('GBK') print else: print "Get Template Error,please check !" def host_create(self): hostip = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % 'Enter your:Host_ip :') groupid = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % 'Enter your:Group_id :') templateid = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % 'Enter your:Tempate_id :') g_list=[] t_list=[] for i in groupid.split(','): var = {} var['groupid'] = i g_list.append(var) for i in templateid.split(','): var = {} var['templateid'] = i t_list.append(var) if hostip and groupid and templateid: data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.create", "params": { "host": hostip, "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostip, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": g_list, "templates": t_list, }, "auth": self.authID, "id": 1, }) res = self.get_data(data,hostip) if 'result' in res.keys(): res = res['result'] if 'hostids' in res.keys(): print "\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Create host success" else: print "\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Create host failure: %s" % res['error']['data'] else: print "\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Enter Error: ip or groupid or tempateid is NULL,please check it !"def main(): test = zabbixtools() #test.template_get() #test.hostgroup_get() #test.host_get() test.host_del() #test.host_create()if __name__ == "__main__": main() 相关的材料的可以参考官方文档。这个只是一些功能模块，包含获取主机，主机组、模板、删除主机等功能，可以根据需要进行调整，实现zabbix的批量化和自动化管理。因为是在linux运行，所以设置了输出终端的字体颜色方便区分，如果不需要，自行删除即可。